Short when you want to control possession and works better when you have amc.
Long better with counter attacks or when you want to overcome crowded flat midfield like in 4-5-1 flat. Or when oppo plays with 3 cb than focusing down flanks with long passes could work well.
Force counters can work both in defensive and normal mentalities.

I suggest you to read some old guides in this forum about tactics. Could try this https://forum.topeleven.com/formatio...%A6-guide.html