Excellent work
Too you have to count that in this last pic Maicon is the Man of the Match and this player win +100 progress so 36 +100.
And yea, every star you win, decreases the training speed in some %, and don't matter if one add the training points or save them
So, age and stars regulate the speed training and value/wage is an indicator, and in the market is useful because add training points increases the value of the player but not the wage (wage change every 3 seasons) so is the better method to compare used players.

Other things to remember for new players that started this season or so, is that to add a Special Ability/new position the better moment is in a young player of 3* adding every point that one own in the SA/new pos. to don't reach the 4* or Quality ( points in new SA's and new positions don't count in the Quality) because, that will decrease training speed.

Now in my case I'm training Cocu to have the 9*, he is 21 age 8* and win 10/20/30 in hard training. I do it not buying greens/reds, in my case this is the 4th season tanking in level 15.

About what you say of save the skill points remember that the game count these points as added points, so one can not be in a lower level Cup saving the points to try to decrease the overall Quality..